We all do backups. This note is about doing them on Ubuntu 12.04.
Tasks:
I’ll save only backups for last five days.
There are many different backup tools, see wiki list. I’ve chosen DAR.
One can install it in Ubuntu 12.04 by typing
# apt-get install dar
It is a console utility and it can be confusing for beginner. Here is great short how-to with explanations.
I will perform full backups every day. For incremental ones read manual.
I need to backup /srv folder, so my command is:
dar -m 256 -z -s 600M -D -R /srv -c `date -I`_data -Z "*.gz" -Z "*.bz2" -Z "*.zip" -Z "*.png"
It creates file currentdate_data.X.dar, for example 2012-08-30_data.1.dar, with a backup. If archive is bigger than 600M (-s 600M), it splits in two slices. X in the filename represents slice number. For the full description read how-to.
Dumping MySQL is performed by mysqldump utility. You can list your databases in MySQL by entering into console with
mysql -uroot -ppassword
and type there
SHOW DATABASES;
I have drupal database I want to backup. So, I type:
mysqldump -u root -ppassword drupal > `date -I`_drupal.mysqldump
It creates file with all necessary stuff to create the same table from nothing.
Yandex.Disk can be accessed by WebDAV. Install vebdavfs2:
# apt-get install davfs2
Then edit /etc/davfs2/secrets. Just add line with address, login and password:
https://webdav.yandex.ru username@yandex.ru "userpass"
Now you cat mount yandex.disk as an ordinary drive to folder /mount/yandex:
mount -t davfs https://webdav.yandex.ru /media/yandex
Now it is possible to store backups in cloud.
Old files can be removed by:
rm `ls *.dar | head -n -5`
It leaves only last five backups.
All commands from above in one script backup.sh:
#!/bin/bash
mount -t davfs https://webdav.yandex.ru /media/yandex
cd /media/yandex/cudacer
dar -m 256 -z -s 600M -D -R /srv -c `date -I`_data -Z "*.gz" -Z "*.bz2" -Z "*.zip" -Z "*.png"
rm `ls *.dar | head -n -5`
mysqldump -u root -p<password> <dbname>l > `date -I`_drupal.mysqldump
rm `ls *.mysqldump | head -n -5`
Run it every day at 1am. Open cron tasks
# crontab -e
and paste there line:
0 1 * * * /home/kenarius/backup.sh
Now you have backups.